Berthe Morisot with a Bouquet of Violets

Édouard Manet’s The Fifer, painted in 1866, presents a striking and minimalist portrait of a young boy dressed in the uniform of a fifer in Napoleon III’s Imperial Guard. The figure is set against a flat, muted gray background, which eliminates any context or setting, forcing the viewer’s attention entirely on the subject. The boy's posture, holding his fife with both hands, exudes a sense of composure and youthful confidence. Manet’s use of bold, flat planes of color and a stark lack of perspective was influenced by Japanese woodblock prints, which were highly popular in Europe at the time. The black jacket, red trousers, and golden accents of the uniform stand out sharply against the neutral backdrop, creating a vivid contrast. This unconventional approach to portraiture, eschewing traditional depth and narrative, underscores Manet’s commitment to challenging artistic norms and focusing on the immediacy of visual impact.